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Revista Medica Del Instituto Mexicano... Jan 2023The detection of the most significant erythrocyte antigens present in each one of the individuals is fundamental when carrying out a transfusion or a transplant.... (Review)
Review
The detection of the most significant erythrocyte antigens present in each one of the individuals is fundamental when carrying out a transfusion or a transplant. Detection to date is performed by conventional serological methods through the antigen-antibody reaction. But several drawbacks may arise depending on the pathology under study, limiting the availability of blood components. Molecular methods such as genotyping is a tool that complements sensitivity and specificity and has come to revolutionize immunohematology in the blood bank, allowing not only the detection of erythrocyte antigens but also platelet antigens. These methodologies are applicable in patients and in large-scale donors, starting from the allelic variants present in each of the genes that code for the antigens of clinical interest, using microarray systems or systems based on particles labeled with specific probes or their variants that allow an analysis from the immunohematological point of view.
Topics: Humans; Genotype; Antigens, Human Platelet; Blood Banks; Blood Transfusion; Genotyping Techniques
PubMed: 36378105
DOI: No ID Found -
Biology of Blood and Marrow... Mar 2008Unrelated-donor umbilical cord blood (CB) is a useful alternative hematopoietic stem cell source for patients without suitably matched and readily available related or... (Review)
Review
Unrelated-donor umbilical cord blood (CB) is a useful alternative hematopoietic stem cell source for patients without suitably matched and readily available related or unrelated stem cell donors. Expectant parents today may have the option of either donating the CB to a public CB bank or keeping and storing the CB in a private bank for potential use in the future. The alternatives are often referred to as public banking and private banking. On behalf of the American Society of Blood and Marrow Transplantation (ASBMT), we have reviewed the currently available data and opinions and offer the following recommendations: The committee acknowledges the expanding potential of indications for CB in the future, and suggests review of these recommendations at regular intervals.
Topics: Blood Banks; Blood Donors; Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation; Cryopreservation; Female; Fetal Blood; Humans; Male; Societies, Medical; United States
PubMed: 18275904
DOI: 10.1016/j.bbmt.2007.11.005 -
Blood Transfusion = Trasfusione Del... Nov 2023Most public cord blood (CB) banks currently discard more than 80% of umbilical CB units not suitable for hemopoietic stem cell transplant due to low stem cell count....
BACKGROUND
Most public cord blood (CB) banks currently discard more than 80% of umbilical CB units not suitable for hemopoietic stem cell transplant due to low stem cell count. Although CB platelets, plasma, and red blood cells have been used for experimental allogeneic applications in wound healing, corneal ulcer treatment, and neonatal transfusion, no standard procedures for their preparation have been defined internationally.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A network of 12 public CB banks in Spain, Italy, Greece, the UK, and Singapore developed a protocol to validate a procedure for the routine production of CB platelet concentrate (CB-PC), CB platelet-poor plasma (CB-PPP), and CB leukoreduced red blood cells (CB-LR-RBC) using locally available equipment and the commercial BioNest ABC and EF medical devices. CB units with >50 mL volume (excluding anticoagulant) and ≥150×10/L platelets were double centrifuged to obtain CB-PC, CB-PPP, and CB-RBC. The CB-RBC were diluted with saline-adenine-glucose-mannitol (SAGM), leukoreduced by filtration, stored at 2-6°C, and tested for hemolysis and potassium (K+) release over 15 days, with gamma irradiation performed on day 14. A set of acceptance criteria was pre-defined. This was for CB-PC: volume ≥5 mL and platelet count 800-1,200×10/L; for CB-PPP: platelet count <50×10/L; and for CB-LR-RBC: volume ≥20 mL, hematocrit 55-65%, residual leukocytes <0.2×10/unit, and hemolysis ≤0.8%.
RESULTS
Eight CB banks completed the validation exercise. Compliance with acceptance criteria was 99% for minimum volume and 86.1% for platelet count in CB-PC, and 90% for platelet count in CB-PPP. Compliance in CB-LR-RBC was 85.7% for minimum volume, 98.9% for residual leukocytes, and 90% for hematocrit. Compliance for hemolysis ≤0.8% decreased from 89.0 to 63.2% from day 0 to 15. K+ release increased from 3.0±1.8 to 25.0±7.0 mmol/L from day 0 to 15, respectively.
DISCUSSION
The MultiCord12 protocol was a useful tool to develop preliminary standardization of CB-PC, CB-PPP, and CB-LR-RBC.
Topics: Infant, Newborn; Humans; Hemolysis; Blood Banking; Erythrocytes; Blood Banks; Blood Platelets
PubMed: 37146297
DOI: 10.2450/BloodTransfus.492 -
Transfusion and Apheresis Science :... Oct 2020The current pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus is going to be a prolonged melee. Identifying crucial areas, proactive planning, coordinated strategies and their timely... (Review)
Review
The current pandemic caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus is going to be a prolonged melee. Identifying crucial areas, proactive planning, coordinated strategies and their timely implication is essential for smooth functioning of any system during a crunch. Addressing the impact of COVID-19 on transfusion services, there are 4 potential challenges viz. blood/ component shortage, donor/ staff safety, consumable supply/ logistics and catering to the convalescent plasma need. In this review article, we will be discussing about these potential challenges in detail along with the necessary mitigative steps to be adopted to tide over the COVID-19 crisis in an Indian set up.
Topics: Blood Banks; COVID-19; Health Personnel; Humans; Immunization, Passive; India; Inventories, Hospital; Pandemics; Tissue Donors; COVID-19 Serotherapy
PubMed: 32709475
DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2020.102877 -
Revista Do Instituto de Medicina... 2021Blood transfusion is still an irreplaceable therapeutic modality, widely applied to medical care. Clinical interviews and laboratory testing for transfusion-transmitted...
Blood transfusion is still an irreplaceable therapeutic modality, widely applied to medical care. Clinical interviews and laboratory testing for transfusion-transmitted infections (TTI) are routinely performed to prevent TTI among the recipients. However, there is still a residual risk of TTI, and some blood banks have adopted the confidential unit exclusion (CUE) as an additional safety strategy. In this study, we investigated the demographic characteristics and laboratory results of the screening of TTI among blood donors who opted for the CUE, compared to blood donors who did not opt for the CUE. In this study, we included 32,261 blood donations collected in a single blood bank in Sao Paulo, Brazil. A very small proportion of donors (0.25%) opted for the CUE. They were mainly single males and were more likely to have HBV, syphilis, and other positive results in the combined screening for TTI, in comparison with those who did not opt for the CUE. This difference was statistically significant in both the univariable and the multivariable analysis adjusted for age, gender , marital status and years of schooling. Our findings highlight that CUE may be a useful tool to improve the safety for blood recipients, but its efficiency is context-dependent.
Topics: Blood Banks; Blood Donors; Brazil; Demography; Humans; Male; Syphilis
PubMed: 34495266
DOI: 10.1590/S1678-9946202163069 -
BMC Health Services Research Jun 2022Informing about permanent deferral requires a process that links the notifier with the donor in a particular way. Little is known about the type of information and how...
BACKGROUND
Informing about permanent deferral requires a process that links the notifier with the donor in a particular way. Little is known about the type of information and how it is disclosed to the donors. The current study aimed to examine perceptions and practices of notifier and blood donor within the framework of the notification process of permanent deferral and from the perspective of the notifier-blood donor relationship.
METHODS
A qualitative study with in-depth interviews. The participants were 13 notifiers and 25 permanently deferred donors. Participants were recruited from a national blood bank and a state's blood bank. The entire dataset/narratives were analysed using the method of thematic analysis.
RESULTS
The disclosure of permanent deferral was understood as a matter of disclosing the serological test results and their medical meaning along with a concise explanation of the deferral status with regard to future blood donation and the plan to be followed. The notifiers preferred to act in accordance with the standard protocol despite acknowledging the adverse psychological and social effects to which donors are exposed when they are informed of the possible disease and the consequent permanent deferral. Donors described a variety of psychological and social affectations. They valued honesty in the communication, the clarity of the information provided and a greater involvement of the notifier.
CONCLUSION
Even though the notification process does not imply that medical care is being offered to donors, the notifier is the administrator of the well-being of the donor. Notification must not be considered as something apart from care, since it is intimately related to the health of each of the donors and their medical care.
Topics: Blood Banks; Blood Donors; Humans; Mexico; Qualitative Research
PubMed: 35689219
DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08103-1 -
Transfusion Clinique Et Biologique :... May 2013To face known and emerging threats to public health, all countries have to overcome the challenges of providing sufficient supplies of blood and blood products of the... (Review)
Review
To face known and emerging threats to public health, all countries have to overcome the challenges of providing sufficient supplies of blood and blood products of the highest quality and safety. Unfortunately, self-sufficiency is not yet a reality in many countries. In 2011, experts from WHO addressed the urgent need to establish strategies and mechanisms for achieving this goal. A summary of these recommendations is further discussed.
Topics: Biological Products; Blood; Blood Banks; Blood Donors; Blood Safety; Blood Transfusion; Commodification; Consensus Development Conferences as Topic; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Directed Tissue Donation; Guidelines as Topic; Health Policy; Health Services Needs and Demand; Humans; Inappropriate Prescribing; Infection Control; Internationality; Motivation; Prescriptions; Quality Control; Remuneration; Volunteers; World Health Organization
PubMed: 23643329
DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2013.03.003 -
Transfusion Aug 2022Civilian and military guidelines recommend early balanced transfusion to patients with life-threatening bleeding to improve survival. To provide the best care to...
The Norwegian blood preparedness project: A whole blood program including civilian walking blood banks for early treatment of patients with life-threatening bleeding in municipal health care services, ambulance services, and rural hospitals.
BACKGROUND
Civilian and military guidelines recommend early balanced transfusion to patients with life-threatening bleeding to improve survival. To provide the best care to patients with hemorrhagic shock in regions with reduced access to evacuation, blood preparedness must be ensured also on a municipal health care level. The primary aim of the Norwegian Blood Preparedness project is to enable rural hospitals, prehospital ambulance services, and municipal health care services to start early balanced blood transfusions for patients with life-threatening bleeding regardless of etiology.
STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS
The project is designed based on three principles: (1) Early balanced transfusion should be provided for patients with life-threatening bleeding, (2) Management of an emergency requires a planned and rehearsed day-to-day system for blood preparedness, and (3) A decentralized system is needed to ensure local self-sufficiency in an emergency. We developed a system for education and training in blood-based resuscitation with a focus on the municipal health care service.
RESULTS
In this publication, we describe the implementation of emergency whole blood collections from a preplanned civilian walking blood bank in the municipal health care service. This includes donor selection, whole blood collection, emergency transfusion and quality assessment of practice.
CONCLUSION
We conclude that implementation of a Whole Blood based emergency transfusion program is feasible on all health care levels and that a preplanned civilian walking blood bank should be considered in locations were prolonged transport-times may reduce access to blood transfusion for patients with life threatening bleeding.
Topics: Ambulances; Blood Banks; Delivery of Health Care; Emergency Medical Services; Hemorrhage; Hospitals, Rural; Humans; Norway
PubMed: 35751878
DOI: 10.1111/trf.16968 -
Stem Cells Translational Medicine Oct 2022We aim to create a bank of clinical grade cord blood-derived induced pluripotent stem cell lines in order to facilitate clinical research leading to the development of...
We aim to create a bank of clinical grade cord blood-derived induced pluripotent stem cell lines in order to facilitate clinical research leading to the development of new cellular therapies. Here we present a clear pathway toward the creation of such a resource, within a strong quality framework, and with the appropriate regulatory, government and ethics approvals, along with a dynamic follow-up and re-consent process of cord blood donors from the public BMDI Cord Blood Bank. Interrogation of the cord blood bank inventory and next generation sequencing was used to identify and confirm 18 donors with suitable HLA homozygous haplotypes. Regulatory challenges that may affect global acceptance of the cell lines, along with the quality standards required to operate as part of a global network, are being met by working in collaboration with bodies such as the International Stem Cell Banking Initiative (ISCBI) and the Global Alliance for iPSC Therapies (GAiT). Ethics approval was granted by an Institutional Human Research Ethics Committee, and government approval has been obtained to use banked cord blood for this purpose. New issues of whole-genome sequencing and the relevant donor safeguards and protections were considered with input from clinical genetics services, including the rights and information flow to donors, and commercialization aspects. The success of these processes has confirmed feasibility and utility of using banked cord blood to produce clinical-grade iPSC lines for potential cellular therapies.
Topics: Humans; Fetal Blood; Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells; Blood Donors; Blood Banks; Informed Consent
PubMed: 36073721
DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szac060 -
The American Journal of Tropical... Jan 2021
Topics: Blood Banks; Blood Donors; Blood Transfusion; Child, Preschool; Humans; Male; National Health Programs; Tanzania
PubMed: 33432915
DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0961